What editors look for
None of this is secret. It's in most journals' guidance, and most authors skip it.
Fit comes first
Read the journal's aims and scope, then skim the last two or three issues. If nothing like your paper appears, choose another journal.
In your cover letter, say in one or two sentences why this paper suits this journal's readers. Mentioning a relevant recent article from the journal helps, if it comes naturally.
Follow the reporting guideline for your study type
Reporting guidelines list what a paper of a given design must contain. They're collected by the EQUATOR Network, and many health and medical journals require the completed checklist as a submission file.
Other fields have their own conventions. The author guidelines will say.
| Study type | Guideline |
|---|---|
| Randomized trial | CONSORT |
| Observational study | STROBE |
| Systematic review or meta-analysis | PRISMA |
| Diagnostic accuracy study | STARD |
| Qualitative research | COREQ or SRQR |
| Case report | CARE |
The abstract is the paper, for most readers
Structure it even when the journal doesn't ask for headings: one sentence of context, the question, what you did, the main result with numbers, and what it means.
Avoid "results are discussed". Put the result in.
Declarations and disclosure
Have these ready before you open the submission form: author contributions, funding, conflicts of interest, ethics approval and data availability.
If you used AI tools in the writing, say so where the journal asks. The ICMJE and COPE position, which most major publishers follow, is that AI tools can't be authors and that the authors are accountable for all content.